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## Russian Federation: Vast Eurasian Power

The Russian Federation, also known as Russia, is the largest state in the world, occupying significant territories in Eastern Europe and North Asia. The modern Russian state was formed in 1991 as a successor of the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic (RSFSR) within the USSR.

**Governance and policy**

Russia is a democratic federal legal state with a republican form of government. State power is exercised on the basis of the principle of separation between the legislative, executive and judicial branches.

* **Head of State:** The President, elected by popular vote for a six-year term, is the Head of State and the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. It defines the main directions of domestic and foreign policy.
* **Legislature:** Represented by the Federal Assembly, consisting of two chambers: the Council of Federation and the State Duma.
* **Executive:** Implemented by the Government of the Russian Federation.

The Russian Federation comprises 89 equal entities, including republics, provinces, regions, cities of federal significance, autonomous regions and autonomous districts. The state capital is the city of Moscow.

**Geography and climate**

The territory of Russia is about 17.2 million square kilometers. The country is bordered by eighteen states, which is the largest figure in the world. On its vast expanses are the Ural Mountains, dividing the European and Asian parts, as well as the deepest lake in the world - Baikal.

The climate of Russia is very diverse due to its vast length. Arctic, sub-arctic, temperate and subtropical climate belts are present in the country. For most of the country there are clearly defined seasons with long winters.
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